History
Hypnosis has been in use since the beginning of recorded time. The Ancient Greeks, Chinese, and Egyptians practiced forms of hypnotherapy. The Greek physician Asklepios practiced a form of hypnotic suggestion that, according to records, showed some success. There were other physicians throughout early history whose forms of treatment could be considered hypnotherapy such as the Persian Avicenna at around the end of the first millennium, or the Swiss Paracelsus in the 1500’s. In the mid 1700’s a gentleman by the name of Franz Anton Mesmer became known for his “Mesmer-ization” of patient’s and was eventually discredited thanks in large part to a group of scientists that included Benjamin Franklin.
The current definition of hypnosis is dated from the mid-1800’s who were influenced by the results obtained by Mesmer a half century earlier. This new group of physician eventually eliminated many of Mesmer’s suppositions from their hypothesis and began to label what Mesmer had successfully discovered, the power of suggestion. The inventor of the stethoscope John Ellotson became interested in what was then known as mesmerism. In 1843 a Scottish surgeon named James Braid is credited with creating the term hypnosis in honor of Hypnos the Greek god of sleep. Throughout the 19th century many physicians attempted different forms of hypnotherapy including Sigmund Freud in the 1880’s.